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佛山201 316L 430不锈铁会生锈吗?为什么304不锈钢会生锈?

256人阅读 2023-2-24 15:36

当不锈钢表面出现褐色锈斑(点)的时候,人们大感惊奇:认为“不锈钢不会生锈的,生锈就不是不锈钢了,可能是钢质出了问题”。其实,这是对不锈钢缺乏了解的一种片面的错误看法。不锈钢在一定条件下也会生锈的。

When the surface of stainless steel appears brown rust spots (points), people feel surprised: think that "stainless steel will not rust, rust is not stainless steel, may be the steel quality out of the problem". In fact, this is a lack of understanding of stainless steel a one-sided wrong view. Stainless steel will also rust under certain conditions.

不锈钢具有抵抗大气氧化的能力一即不锈性,同时也具有在含酸、碱、盐的介质中耐腐蚀的能力即耐腐蚀性。但其抗腐蚀能力的大小是随其钢质本身化学组成,相互状态,使用条件及环境介质类型而改变的。如304材料,在干燥清洁的大气中,有绝对优良的抗腐蚀能力,但将它移到海滨地区,在含有大量盐分的海雾中,很快就会生锈的。因此,不是任何一种不锈钢,在任何时候都能耐腐蚀,不生锈的。

Stainless steel has the ability to resist atmospheric oxidation is rust, but also has the ability of corrosion resistance in the medium containing acid, alkali, salt is corrosion resistance. However, the size of its corrosion resistance is changed with the chemical composition of the steel itself, the mutual state, the use conditions and the type of environmental medium. Such as 304 material, in the dry and clean atmosphere, has absolutely excellent corrosion resistance, but move it to the coastal area, in containing a lot of salt sea fog, will soon rust. Therefore, not any kind of stainless steel, at any time can be corrosion resistance, no rust.

不锈钢是靠其表面形成的一层极薄而又坚固细密的稳定的富铬氧化膜(防护膜),防止氧原子继续渗入、继续氧化,而获得抗腐蚀的能力。一但有某种原因,这种薄膜遭到不断的破坏,空气或液体中和氧原子就会不断渗入或金属中铁原子不断地析离出来,形成疏松的氧化铁,金属表面也就受到不断的锈蚀。这种表面膜受到破坏的形式很多,日常生活中多见的有如下几种:

Stainless steel is a very thin and solid stable chromium rich oxide film (protective film) formed by its surface, to prevent oxygen atoms continue to penetrate, continue to oxidation, and obtain the ability to resist corrosion resistance. Once there is some reason, the film is constantly damaged, the air or liquid and oxygen atoms will continue to penetrate or the metal iron atoms constantly precipitate out, forming loose iron oxide, the metal surface is constantly corroded. There are many forms of damage to this surface mask, and there are many things as follows in daily life:

1)不锈钢表面存积蓄含有其它金属元素的粉尘或异类金属颗料的附着物,在潮湿的空气中,附着物与不锈钢间的冷凝水,将二者连成一个微电池,引发了电化学反应,保护膜受到破坏,称之谓电化学腐蚀。

1) The surface of stainless steel contains dust containing other metal elements or heterogeneous metal material attachments, in the wet In the air, the condensate between the attachment and the stainless steel connects the two into a microbattery, causing an electrochemical reaction Should, the protective film is damaged, called the electrochemical corrosion.

2)不锈钢表面粘附着有机物汁液(如瓜菜、面汤痰等),在有水氧情况下,构成有机酸,长时间则形成有机酸对金属表面的腐蚀。

2) stainless steel surface attached to organic juice (such as vegetables, noodle soup, etc.), in the case of water and oxygen, composition Organic acids, for a long time, corrode metal surfaces.

3)不锈钢表面粘附含有酸、碱、盐类物质(如装修墙壁的碱水、石灰水喷测)引起局部腐蚀。

3) The adhesion of stainless steel surface contains acid, alkali and salt substances (such as alkali water and lime water spraying measurement) local corrosion.

4)在有污染的空气中(含有大量的硫化物、氧化物、氧化氢的大气),遇冷凝水,形成硫酸、硝酸、醋酸液点,引起化学腐蚀。

4) In the polluted air (the atmosphere containing large amounts of sulfide, oxide, hydrogen oxide), in condensed water, Form sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid liquid point, cause chemical corrosion.

以上情况均可造成不锈钢表面防护膜的破坏、引起腐蚀。所以,为确保金属表面永久光亮,不被生锈,我们建议:

The above conditions can cause the damage of the stainless steel surface protective film, cause corrosion. Therefore, to ensure that the metal surface is permanently bright and not rusted, we suggest:

必须经常对装饰不锈钢表面进行清洁擦洗,去除附着物,消除引发锈蚀的外界因素。

The decorative stainless steel surface must be cleaned and scrubbed, remove the attachments, eliminate the external factors that cause corrosion.

现市场上有一种201202材质的不锈钢在海滨地区易生锈,适宜在没有工业污染及空气腐蚀环境下使用。

There is a kind of 201 and 202 material of stainless steel on the market in the seaside area is easy to rust, suitable for use in the absence of industrial pollution and air corrosion environment.

③海滨地区要使用304材质不锈钢,304材质能抵抗海水腐蚀。

The coastal area should use 304 material stainless steel, 304 material can resist seawater corrosion.


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原作者: 佛山万庆物资
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